

Businesses Confronting the Climate Challenge: From Denial to Strategic Responsibility
For companies with a long operating history, 2050 is not an abstract or distant future. It is a clearly visible business horizon, directly linked to long-term competitiveness and profitability.


Climate Change and the Collapse of Civilizations. From Historical Precedents to the Modern Era.
Unlike ancient civilizations, modern humanity possesses scientific knowledge, advanced technology, and historical awareness. This makes the current crisis not inevitable, but morally and politically decisive.


Financial Statements and Greenwashing
Statements regarding Net Zero commitments and green strategies may appear compelling. However, without associated costs, provisions, and investments, they remain empty assertions. The sustainable transition is not cost-free, and financial statements must reflect that reality.

















